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68CHAPTER 6Cause and Effect Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 KOMPETENSI DASARϯ͘ϳDĞŶĞƌĂƉŬĂŶĨƵŶŐƐŝƐŽƐŝĂů͕ƐƚƌƵŬƚƵƌƚĞŬƐ͕ĚĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶƚĞŬƐŝŶƚĞƌĂŬƐŝƚƌĂŶƐĂŬƐŝŽŶĂůůŝƐĂŶĚĂŶƚƵůŝƐLJĂŶŐŵĞůŝďĂƚŬĂŶƟŶĚĂŬĂŶŵĞŵďĞƌŝĚĂŶŵĞŵŝŶƚĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƚĞƌŬĂŝƚŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶƐĞďĂďĂŬŝďĂƚ͕ƐĞƐƵĂŝĚĞŶŐĂŶŬŽŶƚĞŬƐƉĞŶŐŐƵŶĂĂŶŶLJĂ͘;WĞƌŚĂƟŬĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶbecause of ..., due to ..., thanks to ...Ϳκ͘ϳDĞŶLJƵƐƵŶƚĞŬƐŝŶƚĞƌĂŬƐŝƚƌĂŶƐĂŬƐŝŽŶĂůůŝƐĂŶĚĂŶƚƵůŝƐLJĂŶŐŵĞůŝďĂƚŬĂŶƟŶĚĂŬĂŶŵĞŵďĞƌŝĚĂŶŵĞŵŝŶƚĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƚĞƌŬĂŝƚŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶƐĞďĂďĂŬŝďĂƚ͕ĚĞŶŐĂŶŵĞŵƉĞƌŚĂƟŬĂŶĨƵŶŐƐŝƐŽĐŝĂů͕ƐƚƌƵŬƚƵƌƚĞŬƐ͕ĚĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶLJĂŶŐďĞŶĂƌĚĂŶƐĞƐƵĂŝŬŽŶƚĞŬƐKelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK74Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK74
68CHAPTER 6Cause and Effect Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 KOMPETENSI DASARϯ͘ϳDĞŶĞƌĂƉŬĂŶĨƵŶŐƐŝƐŽƐŝĂů͕ƐƚƌƵŬƚƵƌƚĞŬƐ͕ĚĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶƚĞŬƐŝŶƚĞƌĂŬƐŝƚƌĂŶƐĂŬƐŝŽŶĂůůŝƐĂŶĚĂŶƚƵůŝƐLJĂŶŐŵĞůŝďĂƚŬĂŶƟŶĚĂŬĂŶŵĞŵďĞƌŝĚĂŶŵĞŵŝŶƚĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƚĞƌŬĂŝƚŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶƐĞďĂďĂŬŝďĂƚ͕ƐĞƐƵĂŝĚĞŶŐĂŶŬŽŶƚĞŬƐƉĞŶŐŐƵŶĂĂŶŶLJĂ͘;WĞƌŚĂƟŬĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶbecause of ..., due to ..., thanks to ...Ϳκ͘ϳDĞŶLJƵƐƵŶƚĞŬƐŝŶƚĞƌĂŬƐŝƚƌĂŶƐĂŬƐŝŽŶĂůůŝƐĂŶĚĂŶƚƵůŝƐLJĂŶŐŵĞůŝďĂƚŬĂŶƟŶĚĂŬĂŶŵĞŵďĞƌŝĚĂŶŵĞŵŝŶƚĂŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƐŝƚĞƌŬĂŝƚŚƵďƵŶŐĂŶƐĞďĂďĂŬŝďĂƚ͕ĚĞŶŐĂŶŵĞŵƉĞƌŚĂƟŬĂŶĨƵŶŐƐŝƐŽĐŝĂů͕ƐƚƌƵŬƚƵƌƚĞŬƐ͕ĚĂŶƵŶƐƵƌŬĞďĂŚĂƐĂĂŶLJĂŶŐďĞŶĂƌĚĂŶƐĞƐƵĂŝŬŽŶƚĞŬƐKelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK7468 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 With a partner, read the conversaƟon given below.Hi Ray! What are you doing?Smoking! Why?For presentaƟon in Science class.Did you know that smoking is one of the main causes of sickness in smokers? For example:1. Smoking weakens the lungs due to which there is a build up of poisonous substances. 2. Smoking causes heart aƩacks, strokes, ulcers.Really? It sounds scary.Discuss with your partnerWhat do you think is happening in the above conversaƟon?Do you think smoking is dangerous?Do you think it should be banned?It is! If we do not educate people about the effects of smoking, there will be a lot of people suffering from these diseases.So tell me what you learnt about smoking.Hey Jane! I am reading an arƟcle on smoking.JaneRay You are right. We have to do it.A (Source: Kemendikbud) (Source: Kemendikbud)Bahasa Inggris75
Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAKThe reason or moƟve, for an acƟonHappens due toa causeWhat happenedResult or conclusion of an acƟon Example:It rainedHappens firstWhy something happensExampleI got wetCause & EffectCauseEffectBKelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK76
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 üTo find a cause, ask, why did this happen?To find an effect, ask, what happened?Example:üüIt rained, so I got wet.Signal wordsWhen we talk about cause, we use the following signal words:BecauseThe reason forOn account of Bring aboutGive rise toCreated byContributed to Led to Due to For this reasonUnlessSignal wordsWhen we talk about an effect resulƟng from a certain cause, we use the following signal words:As a resultThenHenceFor this reasonThereforeOutcomeSo ConsequentlyFinallyTherefore in order toA Led To BCause Led to EffectBahasa Inggris77
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 a. Due to, because of, owing to and thanks to are followed by a noun.b. Because, since, as, forare followed by a verb.Some examples of and relaƟonshipsCause EffectLet’s take a look at the sentence structure of cause and effect. SentenceCause &EffectRelaƟonshipSumatran Ɵgers are almost exƟnct because people killed too many of them.Cause - People killed too many of them.Effect - Sumatran Ɵgers almost became exƟnct.Haze is caused by massive forest burning.Cause -massive forest burningEffect -hazeSince they are in love, they forgive each other’s mistakes. Cause - They are in loveEffect - They forgive each other’s mistakes Early man learnt to grow food, and as a result, their lives became easier. Cause - Early man learnt to grow foodEffect - their lives became easier Examples: 1. Owing to her hard work and intelligence, we won the trophy. 2. Thanks to SiƟ and John’s effecƟve planning, the event went well. 3. Because of his hard work, he managed to get the best student award.4. I have a stomachache because I ate too much food. 5. There was a lot of homework and tests, as a result most of the students were unhappy and couldn’t go anywhere during the weekend. + NounDue toBecause of Owing to Thanks to Subject + verbBecause Since As For As a result ofKelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK78
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 Read the following sentences. Decide if the words in bold are the cause or the effect. Write cause or effect on the line. Then, underline the "signal" word or phrase. 2. The glaciers began to melt; therefore, the land bridge between Asia and North America became flooded. 3. Because they wanted to learn about different civilizaƟons that existed, archaeologists studied arƟfacts. 4. Early man slowly started to grow food, and as a result, their lives became easier. 5. My sister was very Ɵred because she stayed up past midnight. Read the cause, write the effect, then write the complete sentence words. The first one has been done for you.1. Cause: It was very windy. Effect: All the flights were cancelled. Sentence: It was very windy; therefore, all the flights were cancelled. 2. Cause: She ate too much. Effect: ... Sentence: ... 3. Cause: I ran out of money. Effect: ... Sentence: ... 4. Cause: He is afraid to fly. Effect: ... Sentence: ... B.A.using signal 1. Early man used weapons becauce they needed to find food.CBahasa Inggris79
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 5. Cause: A�er the car accident Effect: ...Sentence: ...Read the sentences and find the cause and effect. The first one has been done for you.1. The milk spilled all over the floor, so Jane got a mop and cleaned it up. Cause: milk spilled Effect: Jane mopped 2.SiƟ has planned a trip to her uncle’s house because she loves her cousins.Cause: ...Effect: ...3.The green house gases trap the heat in the air, so the Earth becomes warmer.Cause: ...Effect: ...4.Because theSumatran Ɵgers were almost exƟnct, the Indonesian government declared them as endangered species.Cause: ...Effect ...: 5.Animals are becoming exƟnct because humans are moving into their habitats.Cause: ...Effect: ...C.Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK80
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 Complete the cause and effect transacƟonal conversaƟon given below. Use signal words like because, due to,so, therefore, the reason for, then, etc.D.A. This conversaƟon between two friends i s about the effects of exercise on our body. SiƟ: Hey! Why are you wearing your sports wear?Edo: I am going for exercise. SiƟ: Why? I have never seen you exercising before. Edo: ... SiƟ: ... Edo: ... SiƟ: ... B. Write a cause and effect conversaƟon on forest fires in Sumatra.A: ... B: ... A: ... B: ... A: ... B: ...A: ... B: ...Bahasa Inggris81
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 With a partner, think of 2 endangered animals in Indonesia. Why are the animals becoming endangered and how can it be prevented? Write a role-play of the conversaƟon and effect signal words.Da conversaƟon about it and a�er that, do you have created. Remember to use cause Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK82
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 Choose one of the topics given below and create a dialogue. 1. Causes and effects of flooding in Jakarta2. Causes and effects of corrupƟon3. Causes and effects of bullying on teenagersEBahasa Inggris83
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 With your partner, explore the consequences of your topic by wriƟng the cause on the roots of the treeand the effects on the branches. Choose one of the following topics for your project.EffectEffectEffectEffectEffectCause1.Effects of smoking 2.Extreme weather due to global warming3.Effects of global warmingOnce you are done, you can present your work in class using one of the following forms: video, comic strip, PowerPoint presentaƟon, or a blog.Cause and Effect TreeFKelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK84
68 Kelas XI SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Semester 1 I can do this.Complete these statements.1. The most interesƟng thing I learnt in this chapter was 2. The part I enjoyed most was 3. I would like to find more about 4. The hardest part in this chapter was 5. I need to work harder at Read the statements below and Ɵck ( ) the opƟon that ismost applicable to you.The chapter was easy to understand.I know what cause is.I know what effect is.I can differenƟate between cause and effect.My plan to overcome the difficulƟes I faced in this chapterGYes Maybe No Noat allBahasa Inggris85